Fâtih (Conquerer) Sultan Mehmed or Mehmed II was born on March 30, 1432, in Edirne. His father was Sultan Murad II, and his mother was Âlime Hadîce Sultan. During his childhood, he received education from prominent scholars and was appointed as the governor of Manisa at a young age. In 1444, he ascended to the throne after his father abdicated, but he was sent back to Manisa when his father Murad II reclaimed the throne. After his father's death, he ascended the throne again in 1451 and focused on the conquest of Istanbul. In 1453, he conquered Istanbul, ending the Byzantine Empire with this victory. Subsequently, he added many regions to the Ottoman territories, including Southern Serbia, the Morea, Amasra, Sinop, and Trabzon.

Fâtih Sultan Mehmed expanded the borders of the Ottoman Empire by winning many victories. He participated in campaigns in Rhodes and Italy, but he was unsuccessful in the Siege of Rhodes. In southern Italy, he conquered the city of Otranto and its surroundings. In 1481, while preparing for a campaign in Italy, he fell ill and passed away. Although the cause of death was stated as gout, there are also claims that he was poisoned. He is known for his emphasis on science and the arts and commissioned many works such as madrasas and mosques. Fâtih was also a good poet and wrote poems under the pseudonym Avnî. In his poems, he used a simple language to clearly express his feelings.